Method of making illustrations



A Jan. 15, 1935. M. J, BALDwlN 1,988,106

METHOD OF MAKING ILLUSTRATIONS Filed July 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l lit HI,

INVENTOR /y/Nor Z 54mm/v ATTonNEj's Jan. 15, 1935- M. J. BALDWIN METHODOF MAKTNG ILLUSTRATIONS Filed July' 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYSaiented Jan... i935 currar) carica l 1 Claim.

This invention relates to methods and appa-'- rature for makingillustrations, and more especial* it relates to improved procedure andappar4 for making perspective drawings of l or' complex design.

in illustrative example of the utility of the invention is thepreparation of illustrations of pneumaticor cushion tires for vehicles,to be used for advertising purposes. Photographs of i r when taken atclose proximity to bring out of design, so distort other portions of thearticle as to render the pictures undesirable if not actually deceptive.Moreover it is frequently necessary to prepare an illustration of aprotire even be* re the tire is actually constructed. E' .g a. tire withdrawings it i el las, salient or novel may be accentuated or ex- .,J amore useful and attractive vided.

e 'r objects the invention are to facilthe illustrating oi' articlesoi.' complex detnte and labor in the making el miistrative drawings; toeffect accuracy ot proportion in perspective drawings; to facilitate theproduction of accentuated or exaggerated illustrations; and provide animproved method and impr apparatus for attaining :foregoing i theaoco-nl ensmsg drawings,

l is perspective view of apparatus embodying the invention and adaptedfor use in the practice thereof;

Figure A2 is a master pattern made from a. photograph of 'the apparatusshown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a drawing of a pneumatic tire casing made with the aid ofthe master pat;J n shown in Figure 2; and

Figure i .is the finished illustration of a tire ceasing made by shadingthe line drawing shown in Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings, the apparatus shown in Figure 1 is a skeletonform comprisa circumferential series of wooden plates lo. 10, whichplates have the same prole as the cross-sectional profile of a tire tobe illustrated.

hereinbefore stated, the illustration is designed to accentuate orexaggerate certain features of a tire, and for this reason the plates 10preferably have a wider tread portion and a wider base portion than theactual tire that is to be illustrated.

The wooden plates 10 are secured to an annular metal hoop or ring 1l byscrews 12, l2 which are threaded into their base portions, the

(Cl. S55-5l plates being radially disposed with relation toA thelioopand spaced sulistanti. ly equidistant about the outer peripherythereof.The diameter of the hoepli is somewhat smaller than the bead diameter ofthe tire to be illustrated, andl the height of the plate l is such 'thatthe outside diameter of the assembled structure mayA be substantiallythe .sarnefas the outside'di` ameter of the tire to be illustrated, thearrangement being such that the form represents a tire oi relativelysmall bead diameter as compared to pneumatic tires of standardproportions.

Mounted upon the plates lo and extending cireumfercntially of the formare a plurality of wire rings of which the wire 14 is in the centralplane of the form at the outer periphery thereof, `Wires l5, l5 are atthat portion of the form corresponding to the lateral margins of a. tiretread, wires i6, i6 are between Wire la and Wires 15, and wires 17, l'lare on at least one side of the form corresponding to a side wall of atire. The said wires vare secured to the plates 10 by staples 18 or anyother suitable means, and intersect exactly corresponding points on eachplate.

Mounted Within the hoop or ring 11 is a wooden disc 19 that may besecured thereto by screws 20, and said disc may be formed with an axialaperture 2i to provide a finger grip by which the form conveniently maybe handled. The disc 19 is spaced from' at least one lateral margin ofthe hoop l1 a distance equal to the width of the bead of the tire to heshown in the illustration, which bead width is somewhat greater than thehead. width of a standard tire of the saine outside diameter as theform.

'In the practice of the improved method of illustrating with theapparatus described, the rst step is to photograph the skeleton form,which may be from any angle desired, but usually is the three-quarterfront view shown in Figure l. The photograph is printed on suitablepaper, and of suitable size to permit conveniently for retouching. Theretouching is done with ink, and consists of outlining the wires 14 tol?, at least one of the near edges of the plates 10, the margin of thehoop 11, and the corner at the juncture of the hoop and the disc 19. Aline parallel to the last mentioned line is'added at a distancetherefrom corresponding to distance between the beads of the tire to beillustrated. The retouching being completed, the original photograph isbleached out, leaving only the ink lines. The print thus produced isthen photographed, the negative of the photograph con-v va, line drawingof a tire, substantially stituting what may be called a master patternand which shows the design illustrated in Figure 2.

From the master pattern may be made as many prints as desired, and ofany size required, the prints preferably being made very light so thatthe lines therein readily may be obscured by subsequent treatment of theprint, or will disappear when the finished drawing is reduced in size.The print from the master pattern constitutes an outline or guide uponwhich is made as shown in Figure 3. In some cases the circumferentiallines of the tire are coincident with the circumferential lines of theprint-and in some cases they are not, it being a simple matter in thelatter case to draw the lines of the tire parallel to those of theprint. Since the lines of the print defining the cross-sectional profileof the tire are equally spaced, it is a simple matter accurately to nilin the tread design of the tire so that the characters thereof areuniformly arranged in correct perspective circumferentially of the tire.Usually the artist draws in fewer tread characters in the illustrationthan are present in the actual tire and thus more clearly shows thedistinctive characteristics of the tread design as well as giving it amore rugged and sturdy appearance.

The line drawing is then shaded to complete en and adding other linesthereto.

*the illustration, and the shading may be line shading or it may be awash. The latter method is used in the illustration shown in Figure 4,which appears in its completed form.

The invention results in the rapid and economical production ofillustrations, which illustrations more clearly depict the article thanwould an actual photograph thereof. After the master pattern is preparedan innumerable number of prints may be made therefrom, and in the eventthat it is desired to illustrate the article from a different angle anew master pattern readily may be made by photographing the skeletonform from the desired angle.

Modifications of the invention may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or j the scope of the appended claim whichis not limited wholly to the specific apparatus shown or -exactprocedure described.

What is claimed isz- The method of illustrating tires which compriseseonstructing a form of general tire shape but with exaggeratedproportions as compared to the tire to be illustrated, indicating onsaid form certain transverse and circumferential proille lines,photographing the form, and then altering the photograph by inking orotherwise working over some of the lines appearing there- Mmo'r J.BALDWIN,

